Theories

Theories
Vladmir Propp
Russian critic, he specialised in the structure of fairy tale. He wrote a book called Morphology of the folk tale in which he said there are stock characters in every tale such as:

• The villain 
• The hero 
• The donor 
• The helper 
• The princess 
• Dispatcher 
• False Hero 
• The father who rewards the hero 

Levi Strausse
His theory dealt with the idea of Binary oppositions:

• Good and bad 
• Light and dark 
• Noise and silence 
• Strengths and weaknesses 
• Past and present 

Aristotle – ‘All drama is conflict’
In 20th century Strausse said that all stories are propelled forward by conflict that is caused by characters and events opposing each other

Todorov
Todorov argued that all stories start with a equilibrium. Then an event or series of events cause disruption, eventually estoration and order is achieved at the end of the narrative.